reference REFERENCES
Ackerman, T.P. and F.P.J. Valero, The vertical structure of Arctic haze as determined from airborne net-flux radiometer
measurements, Geophys. Res. Lett., 11, 469, 1984

Allen, D. J., P. Kasibhatla, A. M. Thompson, R. B. Rood, B. G. Doddridge, K. E. Pickering, R. D. Hudson, and S.-J.
Lin, Transport_induced interannual variability of carbon monoxide determined using a chemical transport model, J. Geophys. Res., 101(22), 28,655-28,669, 1996.

Arimoto, R. A., B. J. Ray, R. A. Duce, A. D. Hewitt, R. Boldi, and A. Hudson, Concentrations, sources, and fluxes of
trace elements in the atmosphere of New Zealand, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 22,389-22,405, 1990.

Carsey, T. P., D. D. Churchill, M. L. Farmer, C. J. Fisher, A. A. Pszenny, V. B. Ross, E. S. Saltzman, M.
Springer-Young, and B. Bonsang, Nitrogen oxides and ozone production in the north Atlantic marine boundary layer, J.
Geophys. Res., in press 1997.

Carsey, T., M. Farmer, C. Fisher, A. Mendez, V. Ross, M. Springer-Young, and M. Zetwo, Atmospheric chemistry
measurements during Leg 4, 1993 north Atlantic cruise, R/V/Malcolm Baldrige: Reykjavik, Iceland to Miami, Florida 4
September 1993 through 22 September 1993, NOAA Data Report ERL AOML-28, 1996.

Dickerson, R. R. and A. C. Delany, Modification of a commercial gas filter correlation CO detector for enhanced sensitivity,
J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 5, 3, 424-431, 1988.

Dickerson, R. R., A. C. Delany, and A. F. Wartburg, Further modification of a commercial NOx detector for high
sensitivity, Rev. Sci. Instr., 55(12), 1995-1998, 1984.

Dickerson, R. R., B. G. Doddridge, P. K. Kelley, K. P. Rhoads, Large-scale pollution of the atmosphere over the North
Atlantic Ocean: Evidence from Bermuda, J. Geophys Res., 100(5), 8945-8952, 1995.

Doddridge, B. G., P. A. Dirmeyer, J. T. Merrill, E. J. Oltmans, and R. R. Dickerson, Interannual variability over the North
Atlantic Ocean: Chemical and meteorological evidence for tropical influence of regional-scale transport in the extratropics, J.
Geophys. Res., 99(11), 22,923-22,935, 1994.

Doddridge, B. G., R. R. Dickerson, T. G. Spain, S. J. Oltmans Carbon monoxide measurements at Mace Head, Ireland,
Proceedings of the Quadrennial Ozone Symp., Charlottesville, VA, 1993.

Doddridge,B. G., R. M. Morales, K. P. Rhoads, J. T. Merrill, P. C. Novelli, R. R. Dickerson, V. S. Connors, and H. G.
Reichle Jr.,Ground-based and Airborne Observations of Carbon Monoxide During NASA/MAPS Missions SRL-1 and
SRL-2, submitted to J. Geophys. Res., 1997.

Fehsenfeld, F. C., et al., Intercomparison of NO2 measurement techniques, J. Geophys. Res. 95(4), 1990. Fried, A., L.
Nunnermacker, B. Cadoff, R. Sams, R. Dickerson, and E. Winstead, Reference NO2 calibration system for ground-based
intercomparisons during NASA's GTE/CITE II mission, J. Geophys. Res., 95(7), 10089- 10102, 1990.

Fehsenfeld, F. C., R. R. Dickerson, G. Huebler, W. T. Luke, L. Nunnermacker, E. J. Williams, J. Roberts, J. G. Calvert,
C. Curran, A. C. Delany, C. S. Eubank, D. W. Fahey, A. Fried, B. Gandrud, A. Langford, P. Murphy, R. B. Norton, K.
Pickering, and B. Ridley, A ground-based intercomparison of NO, NOx, NOy measurement techniques, J. Geophys. Res., 92(12), 14710-14722, 1987.

Geist, J. and W.R. Blevin, Chopper-stabilized null radiometer based upon an electrically calibrated pyroelectric detector
Appl. Opt., 12, 2532, 1973

Kelley, P., R. R. Dickerson, W. T. Luke, and G. L. Kok, Rate of NO2 photolysis from the surface to 7.6 km altitude in
clear-sky and clouds, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22(19), 2621-2624, 1995.

Kley, D. and M. McFarland, Chemiluminescence detector for NO and NO2, Atmos. Technol., 12, 63-69, 1980.

Kley, D. H., G. J. Smit, H. Vommel, S. Oltmans, V. Ramanathan, H. Grassel, and P. J. Crutzen, Record low ozone
observations in the convective regions of the Pacific, Geophys. Res. Lett., 1996.

Knuth R. H., 1984. Calibration and field application of a Sierra Model 235 Cascade impactor, American Industrial Hygiene
Association J. 45(6): 393-398.

Lawson D.R. (1980) Impaction surface coatings intercomparison and measurements with cascade impactors. Atmospheric
Environment 14, Lowenthal, D. H., and K. A. Rahn, The use of Whatman 41 filter papers for high volume aerosol
sampling: Further comments, Atmos. Environ., 21, 2732-2734, 1987.

Liou, K.N., S.C. Ou, F.P.J. Valero and T.P. Ackerman, Remote sounding of the tropical cirrus cloud temperature and
optical depth using ER-2 6.5 and 10.5 micron radiometers, Jour. Appl. Met., 1990.

Luke, W. T., Evaluation of a commercial pulsed fluorescence detector for the measurement of low-level SO2 during
GASIE, J. Geophys. Res., in press 1997.

Novelli, et al., An internally consistent set of globally distributed atmospheric carbon monoxide mixing ratios developed
using results from an intercomparison of measurements, in press, J. Geophys. Res., 1997.

Nunnermacker, L. J., Calibration and detection techniques for trace nitrogen compounds in the atmosphere, Ph.D.
dissertation, Dep. of Chem., University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 1990.

Nunnermacker, L. J., R. R. Dickerson, A. Fried, and R. Sams, A new nitric acid calibration system, Environ. Sci.
Technol., 23, 106- 110, 1989.

Oltmans, et al., Summer and spring ozone profiles over the North Atlantic from ozonesonde measurements, J. Geophys
Res., 101, 29,179-29,200, 1996.

Oltmans, S. J., and H. Levy II, Surface ozone measurements from a global network, Atmos. Environ., 28, 9-24, 1994.

Poulida, O., R. R. Dickerson, B. G. Doddridge, J. Z. Holland, R. G. Wardell, and J. G. Watkins, Trace gas
concentrations and meteorology in rural Virginia 1. Ozone and carbon monoxide, J. Geophys. Res., 96(12),
22,461-22,475, 1991.

Pszenny, A., Particle size distributions of methane sulphonate in the tropical Pacific marine boundary layer, J. Atmos.
Chem., 14, 273-284, 1992.

Rhoads, K. P., P. Kelley, R. R Dickerson, T. Carsey, M. Farmer S. J. Oltmans, D. Savoie, and J. M. Prospero, The
composition of the > troposphere over the Indian Ocean during the Monsoonal transition, in review J. Geophys. Res., 1997.

Ridley, B. A. and F. E. Grahek, A small, low flow, high sensitivity reaction vessel for NO/O3 chemiluminescence
detectors, J. Atmos. Ocean Technol., 1990.

Ridley, B. A., M. A. Carroll, A. L. Torres, E. P. Condon, G. W. Sachse, G. F. Hill, and G. L. Gregory, An
intercomparison of ferrous sulfate and photolytic converter techniques for measurements of NOx made during the NASA
GTE/CITE-1 aircraft program, J. Geophys. Res., 93(12), 15803-15811, 1988.

Savoie D. L. and J. M. Prospero, Aerosol concentration statistics for the northern tropical Atlantic, J. Geophys. Res.
82:5954-5964, 1977.

Savoie, D. L., Nitrate and non-sea-salt sulfate aerosols over major regions of the world ocean: concentrations, sources, and
fluxes, Ph.D. thesis, University of Miami, Miami, Fla., May 1984.

Valero, F.P.J., T.P. Ackerman, and W.J.Y. Gore, The absorption of solar radiation by the Arctic atmosphere during the
haze season and its effects on the radiation budget, Geophys. Res. Lett., 11, 465, 1984.

Valero, F.P.J., T.P. Ackerman, and W.J.Y. Gore, The effects of the Arctic haze as determined from airborne radiometric
measurements during AGASP II, J. Atm. Chem., 9, 225, 1989.

Valero, F.P.J., W.J.Y. Gore, and L.P. Giver, Radiative flux measurements in the troposphere, Appl. Optics, 21, 831,
1982.

Wang H.C and John. W, 1987. Comparative bounce properties of particle materials aerosol science and technology, 7:
285-299.

Watts, S. F., R. Yaaqub, and T. Davies, The use of Whatman 41 filter papers for high volume aerosol sampling:
Comments, Atmos. Environ., 21, 2731-2732, 1987.

Winkler P. (1974) Relative humidity and the adhesion of atmospheric particles to the plates of impactors. J. Aerosol Sci., 5, 235- 240.