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Table 6a. Instrumentation on the ER-2, WB-57 and C-130
|
|
| Instrumentation |
ER-2 |
WB-57 |
C-130 |
A. Radiation (F.P.J. Valero, SIO)
1) US Instruments (F.P.J. Valero, SIO)
|
| a) |
TDDR: total-direct-diffuse radiometer; direct and scattered solar
radiance in narrow spectral bands between 0.38-1.6 µm; the direct
beam yields extinction optical depth; two instruments, one looking up
and one down
|
2 |
2 |
|
| b) |
SBR: short-wave broadband radiometer; measures integrated
irradiance (flux) between 0.4 and 3 µm
|
|
|
|
| c) |
NFOVR: narrow-field-of-view long-wave radiometer; measures the
radiance in two broad spectral bands; one in 8-12 µm window and
one from 5 to 50 µm
|
2 |
2 |
|
| d) |
BBHIR: broadband hemispherical-field-of-view IR radiometer;
measures net long-wave flux by differencing up and down flux
|
1 |
2 |
|
| e) |
HIS, narrow field interferometer, scanning infrared 3.4-16.7µm,
0.5 cm-1 res. (W. Smith, U Wisconsin)
|
2 |
2 |
|
| f) |
TAFTS trop. airborne fourier transform spect., 0.006 sr, 15-100
µm, 1 cm-1 res. (J. E. Harries, Imperial College,
London)
|
1 |
|
|
|
B. Lidar
|
| a) |
downward-looking; measures cloud-top height and structure; cloud
base can be estimated for clouds with visible optical depth < 2.5 -
3.5 (J. Spinhirne, NASA)
|
1 |
|
|
| b) |
SABL-Scanning Aerosol Backscatter Lidar 1.06 and 0.53 µm (B.
Morley, NCAR)
|
|
|
1 |
C. Aerosols
1) US Instruments (A. Clarke, UH)
|
| a) |
Size distribution 0.08 - 2 µm (Wilson, UD)
|
|
1 |
|
| b) |
Size and distribution 0.03 - 20 µm (Dye/Baumgardner, NCAR)
|
|
1 |
|
| c) |
Condensation nuclei (Wilson, UD)
|
|
1 |
|
| d) |
Refractive index (Dye/Baumgardner, NCAR)
|
|
1 |
|
| e) |
Single particle composition (Murphy, NOAA/AL)
|
|
1 |
|
| f) |
Particle collection by impaction (Goodman/Pueschel, SJS/Ames)
|
|
1 |
|
| g) |
Cirrus nucleation/CCN/IN (Heymsfield/Cooper, NCAR)
|
|
1 |
|
| h) |
Radiance Research CLAP, absorp. coef. 550nm,
D<1µm;d>10µm (J. Ogren, NOAA/CMDL)
|
|
1 |
|
| i) |
Aspirated LAS-X OPC size
dist,15-7.0µm,volatility@40šC,150šC and 300šC (A.
Clarke, UH)
|
|
|
1 |
| j) |
Two TSI 3760 CN counts 0.015-3.0µm,@40šC and 300šC (A. Clarke, UH)
|
|
|
2 |
| k) |
TSI 3010, CN count 0.01-3.0µm (A. Clarke, UH)
|
|
|
1 |
| l) |
TSI 3025, CN count 0.003-3.0 µm[will yield ultrafine
CN,0.003-0.01µm by difference with TSI 3010] (A. Clarke, UH)
|
|
|
1 |
| m) |
RDMA Radial Differential Mobility Analyzer .07-.35 µm size dist
(A. Clarke, UH)
|
|
|
1 |
| n) |
Radiance Research CLAP, abs. coeff [inferred black carbon] 550nm (A.
Clarke, UH)
|
|
|
1 |
| 0) |
TSI 3563 multi-WL Nephelometer, "dry" total scatter/backscatter
[also operated with and without 1.0 µm size cuts] (A. Clarke, UH,
J. Ogren, NOAA/CMDL)
|
|
|
1 |
| p) |
PVM-100A, aerosols-LWC, effective radius, PSA, 2-70µm (Clarke,
UH; Baumgardner, NCAR)
|
|
|
1 |
|
2) European Instruments
|
| a) |
PCASP-100x, size-dist, 0.12-3.0 µm (M. Andreae, MPIC)
|
|
|
1 |
| b) |
CCN, count (M. Andreae, MPIC)
|
|
|
1 |
| c) |
TSI 3563 multi-WL "wet" nephelometer (M. Andreae, MPIC; J. Ogren, NOAA/CMDL)
|
|
|
1 |
| d) |
Carbonaceous Aerosol (M. Andreae, MPIC)
|
|
|
1 |
| e) |
CVI aerosol (F. Arnold, MPIK)
|
|
1 |
|
|
D. Water Vapor (B. Gandrud, NCAR)
|
| 1) |
Cryogenic hygrometer and chilled EG&G hygrometer measures water
vapor at flight attitudes
(A. Heymsfield, NCAR)
|
|
1 |
|
| 2) |
Dropsondes (NCAR): measures temperature, humidity and horizontal
winds; dropped from WB-57 by parachute
|
|
1 |
|
|
E. Microphysics (A. Heymsfield, NCAR)
|
| 1) |
PMS FSSP-300 and 2-D gray-scale probe: measures ice-crystal size,
distribution and shape
|
|
1 |
|
| 2) |
ice-particle collector (snow stick)
|
|
1 |
|
| 3) |
ice video sampler; ice-particle habitat
|
|
1 |
|
| 4) |
Rosemount temperature probe; icing probe for total ice-water content
|
|
1 |
|
|
F. Cloud Imagers
|
| 1) |
MAS: MODIS airborne simulator; images a scene of ~20 km wide with
a spatial resolution of several meters; has 50 spectral channels (M.
King, NASA-Goddard)
|
1 |
|
|
| 2) |
Video camera: continuous images of the scene being viewed by the
aircraft
|
1 |
1 |
|
| 3) |
MCR: multichannel cloud radiometer, images scenes ~30 km wide,
spatial res. ~100 m, 7 channels (J. Coakley, OSU; L. Radke, K.
Laursen, NCAR)
|
|
1 |
|
G. Chemistry (A. Tuck, NOAA/AL)
1) US Instruments
|
| a) |
Water (total and vapor) (Kelly, NOAA/AL)
|
|
1 |
|
| b) |
SO2, H2SO4 vapor (Fahey, NOAA/AL)
|
|
1 |
|
| c) |
HNO3 vapor (Fahey, NOAA/AL)
|
|
1 |
|
| d) |
NO/NOx/NOy/O3 (Ridley, NCAR)
|
|
1 |
|
| e) |
N2O/CO (Coffey/Mankin, NCAR)
|
|
1 |
|
| f) |
CO (Fehsenfeld, NOAA/AL)
|
|
1 |
|
| g) |
CO2 (Boering, Harvard)
|
|
1 |
|
| h) |
CFC's (Atlas, NCAR)
|
|
1 |
|
| 2) European Instruments |
| a) |
a) Soluble ions, SO4=,
NO3-, NH4+, Na+,
Cl-, MSA . . . (M. Andreae, MPIC)
|
|
|
1 |
| b) |
HPLC SO2 (S. Rapsomanikis, MPIC)
|
|
|
1 |
| c) |
API/MS DMD (S. Rapsomanikis, MPIC)
|
|
|
1 |
| d) |
MS SO2, HNO3, HNO4,
(CH3)2CO, HF, HCl, H2O2,
NMHC, HOx, H2SO4, NH4 (F.
Arnold, MPIK)
|
|
1 |
|