|
Table 7a. Surface-based Measurements -- Continuous Protocol
|
|
| Locations |
PIs |
Measurements/Instruments |
Notes |
| A. AEROSOLS |
| Malé |
Maring, Savoie, Prospero |
a. |
Aerosol Chemical Measurements: Bulk aerosol samples of:
nss-SO4=, MSA, NO3-,
NH4+, Na+, nss-K+, mineral
aerosols
|
Proposed for INDOEX |
| Malé |
Maring, Savoie, Prospero |
b. |
Aerosol Physical Properties: |
Proposed for INDOEX |
| * |
Aerosol scatter using nephelometers with
automatically switched 1 µm and 10 µm impactors
|
| * |
Total aerosol number concentration: CN counter |
| * |
Total aerosol absorption coefficient:
ethelometers operating in the green spectral range
|
| Malé |
Cachier, Masclet |
c. |
Weekly 24 hour sampling of BC/OC ratio. Rain collector for
particulate/dissolved organic carbon on an event basis
|
Ongoing Programs |
| Reunion |
Cachier, Leveau |
d. |
Black carbon from aethalometer
|
Ongoing programs |
| Reunion |
Megie, Baldy |
e. |
Aerosol Lidar (0.53 µm laser), operating since 1993
|
Ongoing programs |
| Malé |
Shaw |
f. |
Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD): multiwavelength sun photometers
|
Proposed for INDOEX |
| B. RADIATION MEASUREMENTS |
| Malé |
Ramanathan, Woodbridge |
a. |
Total Downwelling Irradiance, Sky Irradiance, Direct Solar
Irradiance, and AOD (by calculation) every minute: Filtered and
unfiltered pyranometers, multi-filter Rotating Shadowband Radiometers
(MFRSR)
|
Proposed for INDOEX |
| Malé |
Valero |
b. |
Broadband Spectral Irradiance
|
Proposed for INDOEX |
| Malé |
Lubin, Woodbridge |
c. |
Total Column Water Vapor Measurement with GPS: in collaboration with
NOAA-GL to measure precipitable water vapor (PWV) using the GPS
techniques in Bevis et al., 1992.
|
Proposed for INDOEX |
| Reunion |
Tanre |
d. |
Direct solar irradiance and sky radiance: Automated Solar/Sky
Radiometer (ASSR) manufactured by CIMEL (France.)
|
Ongoing programs |
| Malé |
Holben, Kaufman (NASA-Goddard) |
e. |
same as d.
|
Proposed for INDOEX (Malé) |
| C. GASES |
| Malé |
Dickerson, Doddridge |
a. |
Surface Ozone: Thermo Electron continuous ozone (UV absorption
at 254 nm) instrument
|
Proposed for INDOEX |
| Malé and Renunion |
Dickerson, Doddridge |
b. |
Surface CO: Thermo Electron Model 48S continuous CO
|
Proposed for INDOEX |
| Reunion |
Megie, Baldy, Ancellet |
c. |
Surface Ozone: Continuous surface ozone, as part of an on going
program
|
Ongoing programs |
| Reunion |
Megie, Baldy, Ancellet |
d. |
Ozone Sondes: weekly launches, part of an ongoing program with
several years of data. Rate of launch might be increased during INDOEX
|
Ongoing programs |
| Reunion |
Megie, Baldy, Ancellet, Pommereau |
e. |
Column Ozone: a UV-vis spectrometer for stratospheric O3
and NO2
|
Ongoing programs |
| Reunion |
Megie, Baldy, Ancellet, Pommereau |
f. |
Ozone Lidar: Construction is being considered. Possibility: use
Ancellet's O3 lidar which is currently on French research
plane "ARAT" (Fokker), or the ARAT itself
|
Ongoing programs |
| Malé |
Cachier, Bonsang |
g. |
Radon-222: A tracer for air parcels that had relatively recent
contact with the continental boundary layer
|
Ongoing programs |
| D. ENVIRONMENTAL MEASUREMENTS |
| Malé, Reunion and/or Gan |
Gage (NOAA/ERL/AL) |
a. |
Doppler Wind Profiler: 915 Mhz profiler, horizontally and
vertically plus precipitation measurements.
|
Proposed for INDOEX |
| Malé and Renunion |
Shaw |
b. |
All-sky Camera (digitized): Mating of digital camera to a fish-eye
lens with computer processing to obtain cloud cover estimates.
Possibly use 2 systems to have stereo effect.
|
Proposed for INDOEX |